⬅ Previous Next ➡ 🔹 Lesson 1: Emergency Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs) During Disaster 1. Introduction When a disaster occurs, people often have very little time to make decisions. Floods, cyclones, fires, disease outbreaks and other emergencies can create confusion, fear and pressure. Without a clear plan, different people may perform the same task while other important tasks are ignored. An Emergency Standard Operating Procedure (SOP) is a written set of instructions that explains what should be done, who should do it, when it should be done and how it should be done during an emergency . An SOP turns a general emergency plan into practical actions that people can follow. 2. Why SOPs Matter During Disasters 1. They provide clear direction During an emergency, people do not have to guess what to do. The SOP provides a step-by-step response. 2. They define responsibilities An SOP identifies who is responsible for evacuation, communication, fir...